Golden Saguaro – Neobuxbaumia Poluylopha

Growth Rate

The growth rate of the Neobuxbaumia polylopha cactus is notably rapid. This golden saguaro exhibits a columnar growth habit, characterized by a tall and upright stem that can reach heights of up to 42 feet and widths of 14 inches.

The stem features prominent ribs, from which long and sharp golden-yellow spines emerge at the areoles. These spines serve as a defense mechanism against predators and assist in minimizing water loss through transpiration.

Its impressive size and stature render it a striking focal point in any desert landscape.

The golden saguaro is also low-maintenance, allowing you to dedicate less time to garden upkeep and more time appreciating its beauty. 

Sunlight 

When caring for Neobuxbaumia polylopha, it is essential to provide a location that receives full sun exposure; however, this plant can also tolerate partial shade. For those cultivating the golden saguaro indoors, it is advisable to position it near a window that offers ample sunlight throughout the day.

Humidity

Saguaro cacti flourish in low humidity conditions. They can adapt to indoor humidity; however, it is essential to provide well-draining soil to prevent root rot. In environments with high humidity, it is crucial to ensure adequate air circulation to mitigate the risk of fungal issues. Utilizing a gritty, fast-draining soil mix is recommended, and the incorporation of a fan may enhance airflow. Effectively managing moisture and airflow is vital for maintaining the health of your Saguaro.

Watering and Soil

Golden saguaros flourish in well-draining soil, which replicates their natural arid environment. To mitigate the risk of root rot, it is essential to avoid overwatering. Water the plants deeply but infrequently, ensuring that the soil dries out between watering sessions. During the growing season, it is advisable to water once every two to three weeks, while in the dormant season, this can be reduced to once a month or less.

Potting and Repotting 

Pot size and type can affect cactus growth. A small pot can restrict roots, leading to stunted growth, while a large pot may retain excess moisture, risking root rot. Always use pots with drainage holes to avoid water accumulation. When repotting, handle the roots gently and use a well-draining mix to replicate its natural environment. Regular repotting ensures sufficient space and nutrients for healthy growth.

Temperature

The golden saguaro cactus flourishes indoors when maintained at average room temperatures ranging from 65°F to 85°F.

It is crucial to avoid exposing the cactus to significant temperature fluctuations or cold drafts, as such conditions may harm the plant. The golden saguaro is optimally suited for outdoor growth in USDA hardiness zones 9 to 11, where temperatures seldom fall below 20°F. For those residing in colder climates, it is advisable to cultivate the golden saguaro as an indoor plant or to implement winter protection measures if it is to be kept outdoors.

Fertilizing

Fertilizing a saguaro cacti promotes healthy growth. Use a balanced liquid fertilizer for cacti, like 10-10-10 or 20-20-20 (N-P-K), once a month from late spring to early autumn. Dilute to half strength to avoid nutrient burn. Water the cactus first, then apply the diluted fertilizer evenly around the base. Keep the soil moist during fertilization. Avoid fertilizing in winter. Over-fertilization can weaken the cactus, making it prone to diseases. If the cactus looks green and healthy, your regimen is effective; adjust if it appears yellowed or shriveled. Remember, with cacti, less is often more.

Flowering

The flowers of Neobuxbaumia polylopha bloom at night in the summer months. The flowers are typically vivid pink, dark red, or magenta and have a tubular shape. They bloom from the areoles near the top of the stem and attract pollinators such as bees and butterflies. The flowers add a touch of elegance to the golden saguaro’s already stunning appearance.

Diseases

Cacti are hardy plants but can suffer from diseases. Common issues include fungal infections from overwatering, leading to soft, brown rot at the base. Root rot is particularly tricky as it starts below the soil. Bacterial necrosis appears as sunken, watery spots that turn black, often due to bacteria entering through wounds. Pests like scale insects and mealybugs can also harm cacti by introducing viruses while feeding on sap. Corking, a natural aging process in some species, can be mistaken for disease but is harmless. To keep cacti healthy, ensure proper watering, use well-draining soil, avoid damage, and monitor for infections or pests.

Insects and Pets

Cacti thrive in dry conditions but can fall prey to pests like the cactus mealybug, which appears as white patches and feeds on sap, causing stunted growth. Red spider mites, identifiable by their webbing, also weaken the plant by feeding on sap. Additionally, fungus gnat larvae can cause root rot due to overwatering. Scale insects form hard growths and sap the plant’s energy. These saguaros may have some dead scale on them, but have been treated.Regular inspections and proper watering are essential to keep cacti healthy and pest-free.

Propagation

The golden saguaro can be propagated through either seeds or stem cuttings. When propagating from seeds, it is advisable to sow them in well-draining soil and maintain a lightly moist environment until germination takes place. For stem cuttings, allow the cut end to callus for a few days prior to planting it in a well-draining cactus mix. It is important to keep the soil lightly moist until the roots have developed.